233 Managing Finance 1 PROFIT This complete lesson includes: a) Statement of comprehensive income (profit and loss account): b) Calculation of: • gross profit • operating profit • profit for the year (net profit) • measuring profitability: calculation of gross profit margin, operating profit margin, and profit for the year (net profit) margin c) Ways to increase profits • ways to improve profitability This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

233 Managing Finance 2 LIQUIDITY This complete lesson includes: a) Distinction between profit and cash b) Statement of financial position (balance sheet): • measuring liquidity: calculating current ratio and acid test ratio • ways to improve liquidity, including assets, supplier credit terms, factoring, inventory JIT c) Working capital and its management: the importance of cash This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

233 Managing Finance 3 BUSINESS FAILURE This complete lesson includes: a) Internal causes of business failure: • poor management of cash flow • overestimation of sales • overtrading • poor inventory control • poor marketing Poor quality b) External causes of business failure: • market conditions • competition • economic • exchange rates • interest rates • government regulations • supplier problems • natural phenomena. This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

232 Financial Planning 4 CASH FLOW This complete lesson includes: a) Construction and interpretation of simple cash-flow forecasts b) Use and limitations of cash-flow forecasts This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

234 Resource Management 2 CAPACITY UTILISATION This complete lesson includes: a) Capacity utilisation: current output (divided by) maximum possible output (× 100) b) Implications of under and over-utilisation of capacity c) Ways of improving capacity utilisation (under and over utilisation) This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

235 External influences 2 LEGISLATION This complete lesson includes: a) The effects on businesses of: • consumer protection • employee protection • environmental protection • competition policy • health and safety • intellectual property rights (copyright, patents and trademarks). This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

1.8.2 Reasons for business failure: • cash flow problems/lack of finance • not competitive • failure to adapt to changes in the market. This is a complete lesson with a PowerPoint and a worksheet, written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

232 Financial Planning 3 BREAK-EVEN This complete lesson includes: a) Contribution: selling price − variable cost per unit b) Break-even point: • total fixed costs + total variable costs = total revenue c) Using contribution to calculate the break-even point d) Margin of safety e) Interpretation of break-even charts f) Limitations of break-even analysis This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

2.3.1 Planning a business and raising finance 3 EXTERNAL FINANCE This complete lesson will include: a) Sources of finance and their suitability for different circumstances: • family and friends • banks • peer-to-peer funding • business angels • crowd funding • other businesses b) Methods of finance and their suitability for different circumstances: • loans • share capital • venture capital • overdrafts • leasing • trade credit • grants This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

2.3.1 Planning a business and raising finance 5 LIABILITY This complete lesson includes: a) Implications of limited and unlimited liability, including advantages and disadvantages b) Finance appropriate for limited and unlimited liability businesses This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

232 Financial Planning 2 SALES FORECASTING This complete lesson includes: a) Purpose of sales forecasts b) Factors affecting sales forecasts: • consumer trends • economic variables • actions of competitors c) Difficulties of sales forecasting This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

232 Financial Planning 1 SALES, REVENUE AND COSTS This complete lesson includes: a) Calculation of sales volume and sales revenue b) Calculation of fixed, variable costs, total costs and average costs c) Ways of improving sales volumes and sales revenues This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

232 Financial Planning 5 BUDGETS This complete lesson includes: a) Purposes of budgets b) Types of budget: • based on historical figures • zero based c) Variance analysis d) Difficulties of budgeting This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Business 1.8.1 Measuring success in business: • revenue • market share • customer satisfaction • profit • growth • owner/shareholder satisfaction • employee satisfaction. Complete lesson with a PPT and worksheet By Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Business 1.1.1. Businesses can have several objectives 1.1.1 Businesses can have several objectives: • financial aims and objectives - survival, profit, sales, market share, financial security • non-financial aims and objectives - social objectives, personal satisfaction, challenge, independence and control. This is a complete lesson with a teacher PowerPoint and a student worksheet. Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Business (iGCSE) 1.5.4 The impact of exchange rate changes: • on international competitiveness • on importers and exporters. This is a complete lesson with a PPT and a worksheet written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Business (iGCSE) 1.5.2 The importance and growth of multinationals: • benefits of a business becoming a multinational • benefits to a country and/or economy where a multinational company is located • possible drawbacks to a country and/or economy where a multinational is located. This is a complete lesson with a PPT and a worksheet Written by Sarah Hilton by Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Business (iGCSE) 1.7.1 The external factors affecting business decisions: • social • technological • environmental • political. This lesson includes a PPT and worksheet written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Business (iGCSE) 1.6.3 The effect of interest rates on: • businesses • consumer spending. This is a complete lesson with a PPT and a worksheet Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (iGCSE) 1.6.1 Government spending: • to provide public service • taxation and constraints on public spending. This is a complete lesson with a PPT and a worksheet Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation